EMS grade 7 term 3 project 2023 – EMS grade 7 textbook pdf free download
What are we going to learn?
• Causes of socio-economic imbalances.
• Inequality in South-Africa.
• Education and skills to fight inequality and injustices.
• Urban and rural challenges.
• The creation of sustainable job opportunities.
Causes of socio-economic imbalances
• Socio-economic imbalances: imbalances in people’s access to resources such as housing,
health care, education and proper standard of living.
• Standard of living: people’s access to things such as goods and services that makes life
more comfortable.
• Causes of these imbalances is apartheid.
• Apartheid discriminated against people based on race.
• Another cause of socio-economic imbalances South-Africa is the government’s poor service
delivery.
• Local government and municipalities can not deliver sanitation and housing quickly enough.
Inequality in SA
• Constitution: it is the highest act of South-Africa, that sets out the rights and responsibilities
of all South-Africans.
• Bill of Rights:included in the Constitution; it is a list of all the important rights of the citizens
of a country.
• In 2000 South-Africa signed the United Nation’s Millennium-declaration.
• The inequality amongst race groups is busy shrinking , but the inequality within race groups
is getting bigger.
• South-Africa has one of the world’s highest inequality rates.
• Poverty and inequality rates do not decrease quickly enough.
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Race groups Income
Black people R7 283
Colored people R14 126
Indian people R23 938
White people R62 360
Education and skills to fight inequality and injustices
• Is the most important way of fighting inequality and injustice in South- Africa.
• Without it, it is not possible to get a good job and participate fully in the economy.
• The Bill of Rights gives all South Africans , including adults , the right to basic education.
• There is a large shortage of skills in South-Africa.
• It is bad for the country’s economic growth.
• Skills development act.
• Businesses work with government to improve the skills of workers.
• Learnerships: when a person works for a business and at the same time receives in service
training.
Urban and rural challenges
• People move to urban areas in search of job opportunities.
• Service delivery in urban areas is seen as more important than service delivery in rural
areas.
• There is more poverty in rural areas than in urban areas.
• Rural communities with their agricultural economies are seen as less important than urban
communities with their industrialised economies.
• It is difficult to deliver services to rural areas where people are spread over vast distances.
• There is less taxpayers in rural areas because of the low density of the population.
• Political power is thus centralised in the population of urban areas.
• Many of them can not get a job because of the fact that rural areas have little infrastructure.
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• Infrastructure: the basic systems and services that are needed to keep a country going
properly for example buildings, transport, water and electricity.
• Cities and towns have the following problems:
•Unemployment • Overpopulation
•Poor service delivery • Crime
•Environmental damage • HIV/Aids
• Industries in urban areas usually disadvantages the environment.
The creation of sustainable job opportunities
• Job creation is an important part of decreasing inequality and poverty so that more
people can partcipate in the economy.
• Sustainable job creation is job opportunities that:
• last long in order for employees to benefit more from it.
• in industries that are driven by economic and environmental sustainability.
• The country must thus create the job opportunities that can be done by unemployed people.
• The government started in 2004 with the Expanded Public Works Program (EPWP).
• This program targets unskilled and unemployed people.
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CLASS ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITY 1
Socio-economic imbalance
Study the following pictures carefully and answer the questions that follow:
PICTURE A PICTURE B
1. Give 2 things how you can tell that the people in Picture A are poor. (2)
2. Give 2 things how you can tell that the people in Picture B are wealthy. (2)
3. Which basic needs the people in Picture A are able to satisfy. Mention only 3. (3)
4. What do you understand by socio-economic imbalance? (3)
5. List 5 causes of socio-economic imbalances in South Africa. (10)
ACTIVITY 2
Homework (Inequality in South Africa and the Laws of discrimination)
1. What do you understand by the term ‘Inequality’? (2)
2. What do you think was the main historical factor that caused inequality in South Africa? (2)
3. List three laws that were passed by the South African government during the years 1948 –
1994 that discriminated against all people who were not white? (6)
4. List four examples of discrimination that occurred during 1948 – 1994 in South Africa. (8)
5. To correct the inequalities, the first South African democratic government (1994) adopted a
new constitution and also put new laws in place. Briefly discuss only four of these laws. (12)
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ACTIVITY 3
Classwork/ Homework (Education and skills to fight inequality and injustice)
1. Work in groups. Choose a scribe, a time-keeper and a presenter.
1.1. Discuss what you think ‘a good education’ means. Summarise your answer in two or
three lines.
1.2. Think about all the advantages that a person has if he or she has a good education.
Give as many ideas as possible.
1.3. Draw a mind map about the advantages of a good education.
N.B. Work in groups on the above questions and one will present to the whole class.
ACTIVITY 4
Classwork (Urban and Rural challenges, Sustainable job opportunities)
1. In a table form, use the key words provided below to explain the differences and challenges
experienced by people living in the urban and rural areas that may also cause inequalities
and make it very difficult to break out of a cycle of poverty. Key words: Jobs, transport,
education, housing, health services (20)
2. What do you understand by a sustainable job? (2)
3. Give four strategies that can be followed by people and the government to create sustainable
job opportunities. (8)
Econo
